During the 2024 Beijing + 30 Regional Review Meeting, a pivotal OSCE/ODIHR side event on transnational peer networks highlighted the urgent need to address the global anti-gender movement and its role in gender backsliding. This report examines the complex dynamics between gender justice movements and anti-gender justice movements within an era of unprecedented political polarization and rising populism worldwide, with particular focus on how this polarization manifests within UN mechanisms like the Human Rights Council. The study documents how right-wing governments, supported by organized anti-gender actors, are increasingly withdrawing support from gender equality efforts and rolling back rights for women, girls, LGBTQI+ people, and other marginalized groups through policy changes and funding cuts. The research adopts specific terminology to navigate this polarized landscape, referring to opposing movements as "gender-traditionalist" (sometimes "pro-family" or "pro-life") versus "pro-gender justice" movements, while also using "non-like-minded" and "like-minded" classifications based on insights from conducted interviews, with the aim of contributing to understanding these human rights challenges and providing insights for stakeholders committed to advancing gender equality.